The 2026 FIFA World Cup, currently underway, has sparked discussions around heat-related risks for players, particularly as the tournament is set against a significant heatwave affecting a large portion of the United States. An analysis by Reuters highlights varying benchmarks for heat risk assessments used by FIFA and the global players’ union, FIFPRO.

FIFA and FIFPRO: Diverging Guidelines on Heat Risk

According to FIFA, cooling breaks are required when the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) exceeds 89.6 degrees Fahrenheit (32 degrees Celsius). In contrast, FIFPRO advises that cooling measures should be considered above 78.8F (26C) and recommends match postponements, delays, or cancellations when WBGT surpasses 82.4F (28C).

Despite these guidelines, a Reuters review of WBGT data from satellite monitoring indicated that none of the 94 World Cup matches thus far have met FIFA’s extreme heat threshold for mandatory intervention. The analysis revealed that 35 matches experienced WBGT levels exceeding FIFPRO’s lower threshold of 78.8F, with 27 of those matches also surpassing the higher extreme heat threshold of 82.4F.

Among the five stadiums recording the highest WBGT readings, three are climate-controlled venues. This means that only nine matches were held in open-air settings where air conditioning was not available, and where temperatures surpassed FIFPRO’s high-risk criteria.

This year’s tournament coincides with intense heat conditions affecting millions across the U.S., as evidenced by record-breaking temperatures observed in early July. These conditions underscore the importance of effective heat management while ensuring player safety.

Hydration breaks have been integrated into the match schedule to mitigate heat effects, allowing players time to hydrate, which can significantly reduce risks associated with extreme temperatures. These breaks also serve as scheduled pauses in gameplay, unlike injury-related stoppages.

As the tournament progresses, medical and sports health officials emphasize the need to consider heat stress as a critical factor in player welfare. As climate concerns continue to grow, the debate over appropriate cooling measures in football is likely to persist, posing challenges for tournament organizers.

Why It Matters: The ongoing discussions surrounding heat management in the 2026 World Cup highlight the critical intersection of health and sports, especially in tournaments played in high-temperature environments. As global temperatures rise, establishing uniform guidelines for player safety becomes essential for future sporting events.