King Mohammed VI of Morocco appointed Fatima Zohra Al Mansouri as the new Prime Minister on October 16, marking a historic moment as she becomes the first woman to hold this position in the country. Al Mansouri leads the government of the Authenticity and Modernity Party (PAM), which emerged as the largest party in the recent parliamentary elections held in September.
PAM’s formation of a coalition with three other parties indicates a continuity of governance rather than a shift in political direction. Founded in 2008 as a counter to the rising influence of political Islam exemplified by the Justice and Development Party (PJD), PAM has historically been perceived as aligned with the royal establishment known as the Makhzen. The party’s founder, Ali Himma, previously served as a close adviser to the king.
Despite its past stigma, PAM repositioned itself over the years, participating as a coalition partner in the 2021 government and finally gaining a prominent role this election cycle. However, the elections were marked by a turnout of just 38 percent, with concerns raised about the electoral process. Observers noted suspected irregularities, and some political figures were integrated into PAM shortly before the elections to enhance its appeal.
Having formed a coalition with parties that previously questioned its legitimacy, PAM now faces criticisms from various quarters, including public dissatisfaction over the retention of many members of the previous government. This raises questions among citizens about the rationale behind the recent elections if familiar political figures are returned to power.
Challenges Ahead
The newly appointed government is confronting significant challenges, primarily driven by a deepening cost-of-living crisis. At a council meeting on October 17, the government introduced a 2027 Finance Bill focused on social issues, purchasing power, and youth engagement. However, this ambitious agenda is hampered by unfavorable global economic conditions, including rising energy prices and input costs in key sectors like phosphate production, managed by the state-owned OCP Group.
Additional concerns include the potential drought consequences stemming from El Nino, which could threaten food security after years of limited rainfall. The tourism sector, vital to Morocco’s economy, also faces obstacles due to a global travel slowdown and geopolitical tensions in Europe and the Gulf region.
This new government will also have to navigate a vocal opposition, particularly from the Islamist PJD and radical left parties. Key ministers face their own challenges, with the foreign minister addressing public dissent concerning normalization efforts with Israel, while the interior minister deals with allegations of electoral misconduct. Meanwhile, controversial remarks made by the minister of religious affairs regarding Morocco’s secular image have drawn criticism from Spain.
As it embarks on its term, the new government will need to manage pressing domestic and international pressures that may shape its effectiveness and public perception.
